Patients' own skin cells are transformed into heart cells to create 'disease in a dish'

Jan. 27, 2013 ? Most patients with an inherited heart condition known as arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy (ARVD/C) don't know they have a problem until they're in their early 20s. The lack of symptoms at younger ages makes it very difficult for researchers to study how ARVD/C evolves or to develop treatments. A new stem cell-based technology created by 2012 Nobel Prize winner Shinya Yamanaka, M.D., Ph.D., helps solve this problem. With this technology, researchers can generate heart muscle cells from a patient's own skin cells. However, these newly made heart cells are mostly immature. That raises questions about whether or not they can be used to mimic a disease that occurs in adulthood.

In a paper published January 27 in Nature, researchers at Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute and Johns Hopkins University unveil the first maturation-based "disease in a dish" model for ARVD/C. The model was created using Yamanaka's technology and a new method to mimic maturity by making the cells' metabolism more like that in adult hearts. For that reason, this model is likely more relevant to human ARVD/C than other models and therefore better suited for studying the disease and testing new treatments.

"It's tough to demonstrate that a disease-in-a-dish model is clinically relevant for an adult-onset disease. But we made a key finding here -- we can recapitulate the defects in this disease only when we induce adult-like metabolism. This is an important breakthrough considering that ARVD/C symptoms usually don't arise until young adulthood. Yet the stem cells we're working with are embryonic in nature," said Huei-Sheng Vincent Chen, M.D., Ph.D., associate professor at Sanford-Burnham and senior author of the study.

To establish this model, Chen teamed up with expert ARVD/C cardiologists Daniel Judge, M.D., Joseph Marine, M.D., and Hugh Calkins, M.D., at Johns Hopkins University. Johns Hopkins is home to one of the largest ARVD/C patient registries in the world.

"There is currently no treatment to prevent progression of ARVD/C, a rare disorder that preferentially affects athletes. With this new model, we hope we are now on a path to develop better therapies for this life-threatening disease," said Judge, associate professor and medical director of the Center for Inherited Heart Disease at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.

Disease in a dish

To recreate a person's own unique ARVD/C in the lab, the team first obtained skin samples from ARVD/C patients with certain mutations believed to be involved in the disease. Next they performed Yamanaka's technique: adding a few molecules that dial back the developmental clock on these adult skin cells, producing embryonic-like induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). The researchers then coaxed the iPSCs into producing an unlimited supply of patient-specific heart muscle cells. These heart cells were largely embryonic in nature, but carried along the original patient's genetic mutations.

However, for nearly a year, no matter what they tried, the team couldn't get their ARVD/C heart muscle cells to show any signs of the disease. Without actual signs of adult-onset ARVD/C, these young, patient-specific heart muscle cells were no use for studying the disease or testing new therapeutic drugs.

Speeding up time

Eventually, the team experienced the big "aha!" moment they'd been looking for. They discovered that metabolic maturity is the key to inducing signs of ARVD/C, an adult disease, in their embryonic-like cells. Human fetal heart muscle cells use glucose (sugar) as their primary source of energy. In contrast, adult heart muscle cells prefer using fat for energy production. So Chen's team applied several cocktails to trigger this shift to adult metabolism in their model.

After more trial and error, they discovered that metabolic malfunction is at the core of ARVD/C disease. Moreover, Chen's team tracked down the final piece of puzzle to make patient-specific heart muscle cells behave like sick ARVD/C hearts: the abnormal over-activation of a protein called PPAR?. Scientists previously attributed ARVD/C to a problem in weakened connections between heart muscle cells, which occur only in half of the ARVD/C patients. With the newly established model, they not only replicated this adult-onset disease in a dish, but also presented new potential drug targets for treating ARVD/C.

What's next?

Chen's team was recently awarded a new grant from the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine to create additional iPSC-based ARVD/C models. With more ARVD/C models, they will determine whether or not all (or at least most) patients develop the disease via the same metabolic defects discovered in this current study.

Together with the Johns Hopkins team, Chen also hopes to conduct preclinical studies to find a new therapy for this deadly heart condition.

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, via EurekAlert!, a service of AAAS.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.

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Journal Reference:

1. Changsung Kim, Johnson Wong, Jianyan Wen, Shirong Wang, Cheng Wang, Sean Spiering, Natalia G. Kan, Sonia Forcales, Pier Lorenzo Puri, Teresa C. Leone, Joseph E. Marine, Hugh Calkins, Daniel P. Kelly, Daniel P. Judge, Huei-Sheng Vincent Chen. Studying arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia with patient-specific iPSCs. Nature, 2013; DOI: 10.1038/nature11799

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/most_popular/~3/SopuqUp_z60/130127134201.htm

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Davos 2013 Closes With Warning To Global Economy: 'Do Not Relax'

DAVOS, Switzerland -- The crisis mood is gone, but that doesn't mean you can slip back into your old ways ? that's the message from top international finance officials wrapping up the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland.

They warned governments Saturday against letting their relief over an improved economic climate turn into complacency over reforms many want to see in order to sustain a still-uncertain recovery.

"Do not relax," International Monetary Fund head Christine Lagarde urged at a closing panel on the economic outlook.

She said the IMF outlook for a "fragile and timid" recovery depended on officials in the powerhouse economies of Europe, the U.S. and Japan making "the right decisions."

Her comments came at the end of the gathering of 2,500 business, financial and political leaders that took place in a more upbeat atmosphere than last year.

Fears over the breakup the euro currency union have abated, while the U.S. has avoided the so-called "fiscal cliff" of automatic tax increases and spending cuts that threatened to push the world's largest economy back into recession.

With those bullets dodged, there are fears that governments may ease up on the measures to improve growth and reduce debt that many institutions such as the IMF are calling for.

The IMF estimates that the world economy will grow about 3.5 percent this year, modestly better than last year's 3.2 percent. Yet the improvement is uneven. The eurozone and Japan are in recession, but the U.S. is growing, and emerging economies such as China are expanding much more quickly.

The developed world is still recovering from the shock of the financial crisis, which began in 2007 when U.S. banks revealed heavy losses related to mortgages handed out to people with shaky credit. With banks around the world teetering, the world economy slid into deepest recession since World War II and the recovery since has been unspectacular.

Like last year, Europe and specifically the debt problems of the 17 European Union countries that use the euro, was a key focus in Davos.

Lagarde said officials in Europe have to see through reforms to prevent failed banks from adding to government debt through bailouts. Progress towards a "banking union" that would impose tougher, centralized supervision of banks to ward off failures and bailouts has been slow.

Lagarde said the eurozone was still in "a very fragile situation" that was made more risky through a slow decision-making process and occasional backtracking on initiatives.

In addition, she said U.S. has to sort out its budget dispute between Congress and President Barack Obama. Up against a New Year's deadline, the two sides put off much of their dispute for a few months.

"Good decisions have been made," she said. "Sometimes at the last minute, as in the United States, sometimes laborious and confusingly as in the eurozone," she said. "In 2013 they have to keep up the momentum.

Angel Gurria, the secretary general of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, echoed Lagarde, saying "let's fight complacency with everything we've got, let's continue with the reform process so we can consolidate this hesitant recovery."

Akira Amari, Japan's minister of economic and fiscal policy, underlined the determination of the newly elected government of Prime Minister Shenzo Abe to jolt the country's economy out of its stagnation.

And the head of Canada's central bank, Mark Carney, said the world's major economies, so far supported by central bank stimulus such as low interest rates, needed to "achieve escape velocity" in which growth becomes self-sustaining. Carney, who is due to become governor of the Bank of England in June, said the eurozone had been stabilized by an offer by the European Central Bank to buy government bonds of indebted countries and lower their borrowing costs.

Yet Carney said the ECB move was "crucial but not decisive" without progress on banking union and reforms to increase growth.

He said policy makers "have to finish the job they have started."

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Source: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/01/26/davos-2013-economists-war_n_2559186.html

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Organizing Kids Craft Supplies ? No Longer Out of Control ...

My kids and I have amassed a large collection of art supplies.? Obviously, from the picture above you can see that our organizational system (ie: a basket and a box) was not working so well.? The craft supplies were taking over my laundry room, I was tripping over them, and my 1 year old thinks it is her duty to take a few items and litter the house with them each time someone leaves the laundry room door open.

I bought this cabinet from Walmart.com and chose ?Pick it up Today.?? For just $29.47 I had a cheap solution that solved my problem!? The first thing I did was sort the craft supplies to try to figure out how to organize them in the new cabinet.

I remembered I had a bunch of empty diaper wipe boxes that would work great for corralling items in the cabinet.? I went and found my stash and I was right!? They fit perfectly!? {Hey that?s green ? reusing items ? and FREE!? The best kind.}? I found a couple of other containers I had lying around for holding other supplies, like a big cup from a show at Phillips Arena for markers, a take-out container for paint brushes, and a coffee container for glue sticks.

Every item now has a home in the cabinet and it is infinitely easier to locate the items we need for projects.? Everytime I go in laundry room and I see my tidy little cabinet I smile.? I love being organized. {I?m weird like that!}.

To finish off the project I added some labels to the containers.? They make it much easier to remember where I put little bits of this and that.? I found my labels online but I can?t find the link for the life of me.? however, I found two very similar ones here and here.? You can see other printable labels I?ve found on my pinterest board here.

What do you think?? I think I have regained a little bit of my sanity.

Pin It

Source: http://wholesomemommy.com/organizing-kids-craft-supplies-no-longer-out-of-control/

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Virginia's electoral system works just fine, not a priority for GOP

CHARLOTTE, N.C.?Despite all the discussion of a small movement in the Virginia legislature to change the state's rules to grant presidential electoral votes proportionately based on congressional districts, the effort is not a top concern for members of the Republican National Committee, who met here to re-elect a chairman this week.

Virginia GOP Chairman Pat Mullins said in an interview on Friday that he hadn't yet read the bill, which is set for a vote in a Virginia state Senate committee next week, but that changing the Electoral College rules in Virginia is "not at all" on his list of priorities.

"If the base committee approves it, then we'll all take a look at it and see what we're going to do," Mullins said.

The bill, which has been introduced unsuccessfully 13 times in the past decade, is unlikely to get that far. Virginia state Sen. Ralph Smith, a Republican on the state Senate Privileges and Elections Committee, has voiced opposition to the measure, which means it will likely never make it out of the committee and to a vote on the floor.

Even in the unlikely scenario that the bill makes it through both houses of the Virginia legislature, Republican Gov. Bob McDonnell wouldn't sign it into law, a top aide said.

?The governor does not support this legislation," McDonnell spokesman Tucker Martin told Yahoo News. "He believes Virginia?s existing system works just fine as it is. He does not believe there is any need for a change.?

The measure, which scraps the current winner-take-all electoral vote system in favor of assigning electoral votes based on congressional districts, would likely aid Republicans as applied to the current makeup of the Virginia population.

In the 2012 presidential race between President Barack Obama and Mitt Romney, for example, Obama would have received only four electoral votes instead of the 13 he was granted for winning the Virginia popular vote.

At the RNC meeting, suggestions on changing a state's electoral vote allocation received mixed reviews.

Mississippi Republican committeeman Henry Barbour, who is leading a task force charged with writing a plan to increase Republican chances to win elections, called it a "gimmick."

"States need to be able to decide for themselves, and I respect that. For me, I'm not crazy about it. It seems like a gimmick," Barbour said. "I want to see us win because we have the best ideas, the best message, the best candidate, and they'll get the most votes. I'm not enthralled with that idea, but if that's what somebody in Virginia wants to do, that's their business."

He added a word of caution to anyone thinking of proposing similar bills: "If it looks like we're trying to win by anything other than trying to get the most votes, it's not going to sit well with the American people," he said. "And it will end up unraveling."

Newly re-elected RNC Chairman Reince Priebus, who has no jurisdiction over states' decisions, said he was "intrigued" by the idea, but he would not make it an RNC priority.

"It's a state issue," Priebus said. "It's something that a lot of states are looking at and in some cases they should look at it. ... Personally I'm pretty intrigued by it."

With the exception of Maine and Nebraska, 48 states currently implement winner-take-all rules for presidential elections.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/blogs/ticket/changing-state-presidential-electoral-rules-not-priority-gop-212417961--election.html

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HIV-like viruses in non-human primates have existed much longer than previously thought

HIV-like viruses in non-human primates have existed much longer than previously thought

Friday, January 25, 2013

Viruses similar to those that cause AIDS in humans were present in non-human primates in Africa at least 5 million years ago and perhaps up to 12 million years ago, according to study published January 24 in the Open Access journal PLOS Pathogens by scientists at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center. Until now, researchers have hypothesized that such viruses originated much more recently.

HIV-1, the virus responsible for AIDS, infiltrated the human population in the early 20th century following multiple transmissions of a similar chimpanzee virus known as SIVcpz. Previous work to determine the age of HIV-like viruses, called lentiviruses, by comparing their genetic blueprints has calculated their origin to be tens of thousands of years ago.

However, other researchers have suspected this time frame to be much too recent. Michael Emerman, Ph.D., a virologist and member of the Human Biology Division at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, and Alex Compton, a graduate student in the Emerman Lab, describe the use of a technique to estimate the extent to which primates and lentiviruses have coexisted by tracking the changes in a host immunity gene called APOBEC3G that were induced by ancient viral challenges.

They report that this host immunity factor is evolving in tandem with a viral gene that defends the virus against APOBEC3G, which allowed them to determine the minimum age for the association between primates and lentiviruses to be around 5 or 6 million years ago, and possibly up to 12 million years ago.

These findings suggest that HIV-like infections in primates are much older than previously thought, and they have driven selective changes in antiviral genes that have incited an evolutionary arms race that continues to this day. The study also confirms that viruses similar to HIV that are present in various monkey species today are the descendants of ancient pathogens in primates that have shaped how the immune system fights infections.

"More than 40 non-human primate species in sub-Saharan Africa are infected with strains of HIV-related viruses," Emerman said. "Since some of these viruses may have the potential to infect humans as well, it is important to know their origins."

###

Public Library of Science: http://www.plos.org

Thanks to Public Library of Science for this article.

This press release was posted to serve as a topic for discussion. Please comment below. We try our best to only post press releases that are associated with peer reviewed scientific literature. Critical discussions of the research are appreciated. If you need help finding a link to the original article, please contact us on twitter or via e-mail.

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Source: http://www.labspaces.net/126471/HIV_like_viruses_in_non_human_primates_have_existed_much_longer_than_previously_thought

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Court Rules Obama Picks Are Illegal (WSJ)

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Source: http://news.feedzilla.com/en_us/stories/politics/top-stories/279517483?client_source=feed&format=rss

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US internet service providers market controlled by SBC ...

The US internet service providers market has greatly benefited from the move toward ubiquitous internet access and the exponential growth of internet traffic.

Through the five years leading up to 2012 industry revenue has grown at an annualised rate of 2.3% to hit a market value of $47.9 billion. Furthermore, regulatory overhaul in 2012 will necessitate government-subsidised network expansion and increase the number of US broadband connections, driving revenue growth.

Access to the Internet can be divided into dial-up and broadband access. Around the start of the 21st century, most residential access was by dial-up, while access from businesses was usually by higher speed connections.

In subsequent years dial-up declined in favour of broadband access. Both types of access generally use a modem, which converts digital data to analog for transmission over a particular analog network.

Business customers have emerged as the most lucrative growth market in the Internet Service Providers (ISP) industry. The increasing adoption of cloud computing (which involves accessing data and software through the internet) is boosting demand for high-speed access services.

Additionally, ISPs are increasing their array of value-added services, acquiring cloud and infrastructure consulting firms to profit further from the business market.

The leading broadband provider in the United States is SBC Communications (AT&T) with 14.8 million subscribers as of the third quarter of 2008. SBC is followed by Comcast, Time Warner, and Verizon. And while there are many cable companies offering broadband services in the United States, three are seen as the main providers: Comcast, Time Warner, and Cox Communications.

The United States has over 67.7 million people subscribed to the top broadband providers, which accounts for 94% of the market.

In measurements made between January and June 2011, the United States ranked 26th globally in terms of the speed of its broadband Internet connections, with an average measured speed of 4.93 Mbit/s. South Korea led the list with an average of 17.62 Mbit/s, followed by Romania (15.27 Mbit/s) and Bulgaria (12.89 Mbit/s).

In recent years, consumers have increasingly viewed the internet as a necessity rather than a luxury, a perception that will only become more widespread over the coming years. As internet traffic continues to increase, ISPs will exercise more control over their networks and will likely restructure their pricing to a usage-based model, which likely elicit strong opposition from consumers.

For more information on the US internet service providers market, see the latest research: US Internet Service Providers Market

Follow us on Twitter @CandMResearch

Source: http://www.companiesandmarkets.com/News/Information-Technology/US-internet-service-providers-market-controlled-by-SBC-Communications-AT-T/NI6429

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Pentagon to remove ban on women in combat (Washington Post)

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No. 1 Duke routed by No. 25 Miami 90-63

CORAL GABLES, Fla. (AP) ? No. 1 Duke went more than 8 minutes without a field goal in the first half Wednesday night, and a sellout became a blowout for No. 25 Miami, which delighted a boisterous crowd with a 90-63 victory.

The Hurricanes (14-3, 5-0 Atlantic Coast Conference) beat a No. 1 team for the first time, taking control with a stunning 25-1 run midway through the first half. The Blue Devils missed 13 consecutive shots despite numerous good looks, while four Hurricanes hit 3-pointers during the stunning run that transformed a 14-13 deficit into a 38-15 lead.

Duke (16-2, 3-2) fell to 0-2 when playing on an opponent's court. The Blue Devils' other loss came at North Carolina State, a defeat cost them the No. 1 ranking.

It was third-worst loss ever for a No. 1 team.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/no-1-duke-routed-no-25-miami-90-021117874--spt.html

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10 authors on shortlist for Man Booker International literary prize

JAIPUR, India - American author Marilynne Robinson, Israel's Aharon Appelfeld and China's Yan Lianke are among 10 finalists for the Man Booker International Prize for fiction.

The award, an offshoot of Britain's better-known Man Booker novel-of-the-year prize, is awarded for a lifetime's work. It is open to authors of all nationalities whose work is available in English.

Finalists announced Thursday at the Jaipur Literary Festival in India include Lydia Davis of the United States, Pakistan's Intizar Husain, France's Marie NDiaye and Indian writer U.R. Ananthamurthy.

Josip Novakovich of Canada, Russia's Vladimir Sorokin and Swiss writer Peter Stamm round out the list.

Previous winners of the 60,000-pound ($95,000) award include Canada's Alice Munro, Nigeria's Chinua Achebe and Philip Roth of the United States.

This year's winner will be announced in London on May 22.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/10-authors-shortlist-man-booker-international-literary-prize-122814552.html

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Male Scientists More Prone To Misconduct

Wow... rather than look at logical behavioral and sociological differences in men and women that might result is this finding, the male response is women are just as bad at men but aren't held to account for their misdeeds. Hhmmmm. Interesting. So in how many societies on the planet are baby boys being slaughtered or dumped on orphanage porches to make way for female babies? How many men are being forced to stay in their houses under threat of death even when staying in that house may include starvation? How many men are surgically mutilated to ensure that they will never enjoy sex and remain faithful to their wives? How many men are being raped, mutilated, burned, disfigured or killed by women committing acts against society? How many men are being hired by women for their large bulges and rippling muscles? How many men have to deal in a daily battle of sexist, matriarchal social norms that cause them to be members of the poorest classes in society, be burdened by frequent abandonment by women, left holding the bag for raising single parent families? You know, they used to keep statistics about Single Fathers who were abandoned by their wives, but the number was so ridiculously small that it disappeared into the statistical noise so they stopped tracking it. How many men have to deal with a female controlled medical system that caters to women's every sexual whim but virtually ignores even the most basic reproductive needs of men? You know... you guys are a bunch of whining ass hats who haven't even gone to the slightest trouble to come up with a world view that reflect anything that has to do with this space time continuum, talk about narrow minded and delusional.

Try this on, just as a possibility. For a woman to succeed in science she has to work 3 time harder than a man, undergo 3 times as much critical scrutiny by a male dominated peer review and sweat 3 times harder about getting it right in the first place. Consider men tend to be more competitive and women more collaborative, so men working more alone might be more tempted to fudge results because 1. They want to beat the competition and 2. There are fewer folks looking over their shoulders. Might it even be possible, that women have stronger social orientation then men and therefore a stronger sense of consequence for their actions. This would be consistent with research that suggest most female misconduct happens after menopause when estrogen drops and testosterone rises.

Don't get me wrong, there are plenty of snooty little self serving bitches out there who use sex as a way to get ahead. You just want to notice "That Girl" inn't getting patted on the back or "high fived" by the other women in the office for her behavior, because most of us want to succeed on our merits, intelligence and personal dignity, and we see a little trollop screwing her way to the top as a cheater. Winning is less important to us, that contributing and leaving things better than we found them. Perhaps that is the important difference between women and men in general. Winning is great, winning at all costs, not so much.

Source: http://rss.slashdot.org/~r/Slashdot/slashdotScience/~3/-OYln7LKrnE/story01.htm

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Minorities and Childhood Obesity -- the Hispanic View

Because so many of the indicators and risk factors of childhood obesity overlap with matters of ethnicity and poverty (which is disproportionately linked to ethnicity), it is not surprising that civil rights organizations have taken an interest in childhood obesity issues. If public policy is to be made and enforced, they want their groups taken into consideration and their voices heard in the debate.

MALDEF, described as the law firm of the Latino community or the Latino voice for civil rights in America, is backed by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, which is greatly interested in ending childhood obesity. The MALDEF webpage says:

This alarming trend has disproportionately impacted low-income communities and communities of color. For example, Mexican American and African American youth ages 6 to 11 are more likely to be obese or overweight than white children, and Latino and African-American children are more likely to develop diabetes than white children.

The organization sees its mission as educating policymakers at every administrative level?

[...] about the need for cultural competence and public resource equity in our food policy programs and legislative proposals that are aimed at addressing the broad issue of childhood obesity prevention.

People need to make healthy food choices, and they need places to buy nutritious food. Schools need to pay attention to what they are feeding kids and making available in vending machines. Schools and cities need to provide adequate safe play areas. All these things are susceptible to influence, by reaching the minds and emotions of lawmakers, bureaucrats, and ordinary citizens.

Another active organization is the League of United Latin American Citizens (LULAC) which also cites the presence of ?many barriers that prevent access to healthy and affordable foods, and safe places for physical exercise.? Its webpage mentions ?food insecurity? as contributory to childhood obesity, and this is an example of how many different facets such a large societal problem typically has.

Some kids overeat because of unaddressed emotional needs, and if food is always around, they?ll eat constantly. This can happen to a child of any ethnicity or economic stratum. Other kids get fat because the household they live in is always stocked with junk food and empty-calorie treats, which are so easy to get hooked on. Again, this can happen to a kid of any race, at any income level.

But there is a certain kind of neediness for food that only strikes children in homes where the future of eating is uncertain. If a child is frequently hungry, and sometimes even if there have only been one or two spells of outright hunger, it can have an effect. When food is available, they might have a tendency to overeat, through anxiety, because of never being inwardly sure if there will be something to eat tomorrow or next week.

The sociologists call this ?food insecurity,? and it is more subtle than a growling empty stomach, but it?s a real thing for a certain number of kids, and quite possibly a factor in their obesity. LULAC says:

According to the Centers for Disease Control, 65% of adult Hispanics are overweight or obese. Hispanics are also less likely to have adequate health insurance coverage than any other racial or ethnic group in the US? The CDC estimates that for children born after the year 2000 1 in 3 will develop type 2 diabetes. For Hispanic children the figure is even more alarming. 50% of Hispanic children born after 2000 will likely develop type 2 diabetes.

For a number of different reasons, a bunch of kids are growing up to be adults with extra poundage and a constellation of obesity-related medical problems.

Your responses and feedback are welcome!

Source: ?Preventing Childhood Obesity,? MALDEF.org
Source: ?Obesity,? LULAC.org
Image by FBellon.

Source: http://childhoodobesitynews.com/2013/01/22/hispanic-view-on-childhood-obesity/

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Cleaning jobs linked to asthma risk

Jan. 21, 2013 ? A new study has found strong evidence for a link between cleaning jobs and risk of developing asthma.

Researchers at Imperial College London tracked the occurrence of asthma in a group of 9,488 people born in Britain in 1958. Not including those who had asthma as children, nine per cent developed asthma by age 42. Risks in the workplace were responsible for one in six cases of adult onset asthma ? even more than the one in nine cases attributed to smoking, according to the analysis.

There are many occupations that are thought to cause asthma. In this study, 18 occupations were clearly linked with asthma risk, four of which were cleaning jobs and a further three of which were likely to involve exposure to cleaning products.

Farmers, hairdressers, and printing workers were also found to have increased risk, as previous studies have reported. Farmers were approximately four times more likely to develop asthma as an adult than office workers.

Besides cleaning products, flour, enzymes, metals, and textiles were among materials in the workplace identified in the study as being linked to asthma risk.

The study?s lead author, Dr Rebecca Ghosh of the MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health at Imperial College London, said: ?This study identified 18 occupations that are clearly linked with asthma risk, but there are others that did not show up in our analysis, mainly because they are relatively uncommon. Occupational asthma is widely under-recognised by employers, employees and healthcare professionals. Raising awareness that this is an almost entirely preventable disease would be a major step in reducing its incidence.?

The study, published in the journal Thorax, was funded by Asthma UK and the Colt Foundation.

Malayka Rahman, Research Analysis and Communications Officer at Asthma UK, said: "This research has highlighted a new group of people, specifically those working in occupations related to cleaning, such as cleaners or home-based personal care workers, who may have developed adult onset asthma due to exposure to chemicals they work with on a daily basis. We advise anyone who works in the industries highlighted in this study and who have experienced breathing problems to discuss this with their GP, and we urge healthcare professionals to make sure they consider possible occupational causes in adult onset asthma and tailor their advice to people with asthma accordingly."

Around 5.4 million people in the UK have asthma, some of whom suffer as children and some of whom develop the disease in later life.

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Imperial College London, via AlphaGalileo.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.

---

Journal Reference:

1. Rebecca Elisabeth Ghosh, Paul Cullinan, David Fishwick, Jennifer Hoyle, Chris J Warburton, David P Strachan, Barbara K Butland, Debbie Jarvis. Asthma and occupation in the 1958 birth cohort. Thorax, 2013 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2012-202151

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/most_popular/~3/wvq69EVOoX8/130121192015.htm

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Egypt's Morsi opposes French intervention in Mali

RIYADH, Saudi Arabia (AP) ? Egypt's Islamist president says he is opposed to France's military intervention in Mali, saying it creates a "new conflict hotspot" that will separate the Arab north from its African neighbors to the south.

Addressing an Arab summit that opened Monday in Saudi Arabia, Mohammed Morsi also declared his support for Algeria against threats to its security ? a reference to Islamic militants' takeover of a gas complex last week in the nation's remote southeast. Thirty-eight hostages and 29 militants died in the attack.

The Masked Brigade, the group that claims to have masterminded the takeover, has warned of more such attacks against any country backing France's involvement in Mali. French forces there are trying to help stop an advance by Islamic extremists.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/egypts-morsi-opposes-french-intervention-mali-181817196.html

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Emory gets $10 million for breast cancer center | Online Athens

ATLANTA ? Emory University's cancer center has received $10 million in gifts to fund a center for breast cancer research and treatment.

The university says the Wilbur and Hilda Glenn Family has donated the money to the university's Winship Cancer Institute. The Glenn Family Breast Center will focus on supporting the breast cancer program's research priorities.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in women. The National Cancer Institute estimates one in every eight women will be diagnosed with breast cancer.

The Glenn Foundation money will help build up Winship's cancer biospecimen bank, clinical trials, community access, and a multidisciplinary approach to screening and caring for women at high risk for the disease.

Source: http://onlineathens.com/local-news/2013-01-19/emory-gets-10-million-breast-cancer-center

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Interested In Video Marketing? Read This First | Goozleology ...

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Video: Cruz: ?The gun show loophole doesn?t exist?

A Second Take on Meeting the Press: From an up-close look at Rachel Maddow's sneakers to an in-depth look at Jon Krakauer's latest book ? it's all fair game in our "Meet the Press: Take Two" web extra. Log on Sundays to see David Gregory's post-show conversations with leading newsmakers, authors and roundtable guests. Videos are available on-demand by 12 p.m. ET on Sundays.

Source: http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/3032608/vp/50525839#50525839

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Alan story: Travel Insurance Medical Condition

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Source: http://ea80anos.blogspot.com/2013/01/travel-insurance-medical-condition.html

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Vonn wins WC downhill for 1st victory in 5 weeks

CORTINA D'AMPEZZO, Italy (AP) ? Lindsey Vonn is back at full speed.

Vonn won a World Cup downhill Saturday for her first victory in more than five weeks, beating overall leader Tina Maze by nearly half a second.

And most importantly, she's back to being fully healthy after a nasty bacterial problem that ate away the muscles in her powerful legs and sapped her energy the last few months.

"I'm excited to be racing and I have that fire again and I trust that my body is strong enough to ski the way I want to ski," Vonn said. "It wasn't always the case in all the races this year. I'm back to my old self and it's a good feeling."

Vonn clocked 1 minute, 38.25 seconds down the sun-drenched Olympia delle Tofane course. Current overall leader Tina Maze finished second, 0.43 seconds behind, and Vonn's American teammate Leanne Smith was third, 0.89 back.

After failing to finish two consecutive races in France in mid-December ? including an uncharacteristic fall in downhill, the discipline she's Olympic champion in ? Vonn left the circuit for 27 days and missed six races. Having been hospitalized with an intestinal illness in November, she wondered whether she would win again this season.

"When I decided to take the break, I was so weak," said Vonn, adding that doctors never figured out exactly what type of bacterial problem she had. "I didn't know if I was going to be able to build enough strength back up in that short time to be able to race. My legs were skinny, I lost all my muscle, I had no endurance. I really was struggling physically to be where I was before."

Vonn didn't touch her skis during her time off in the United States.

"I was off snow completely," she said. "I was just in the gym working out two to three times a day, doing a lot of endurance training, a lot of weight training ? just really trying to get back to where I was in the fall, before I got sick."

In her first races back last weekend in St. Anton, Austria, Vonn finished sixth and fourth in a downhill and super-G, respectively.

This time, there was no stopping her.

Vonn made a slight error midway down and nearly touched her right hip to the snow. But she had the strength to regain her balance and keep charging.

"I finally feel like myself again," said Vonn, who was already celebrating and smiling before the came to a stop in the finish. "I feel healthy, finally, and I'm able to ski the way I want to. It's good to be back on top."

The race was held in perfect conditions, with temperatures well below the freezing mark making for hard snow, and clear skies allowing fans to marvel at the jagged snow-dusted peaks, which are some of the most spectacular in the Dolomite Range.

Vonn earned her seventh win in Cortina and the 58th of her career, moving within four of the all-time record held by Austrian legend Annemarie Moser-Proell.

"St. Anton was a good performance, but definitely not my best," Vonn said. "Cortina is a place where I've had a lot of success, so I knew what I needed to do and I was finally able to put all of the pieces together."

Vonn's last win was a super-G on Dec. 8 in St. Moritz, Switzerland.

For Maze, it was her first podium of the season in downhill ? having already registered wins in three other disciplines.

"I feel like I can be on the podium in every event," the Slovenian said.

Maze extended her massive lead in the overall standings to 670 points ahead of Maria Hoefl-Riesch of Germany, who lost control toward the end of her run and did not finish.

It was the second podium of Smith's career, having finished second in a downhill in Val d'Isere, France, last month.

"I just wanted to be smooth today," said Smith, who blew her knee out on this course four years ago. "I felt like I over-edged a little bit in training yesterday because the snow feels so good. It's really important in downhill to be smooth and consistent and barely edge your way down the course."

With Alice McKennis having won in St. Anton last weekend and Stacey Cook finishing second to Vonn twice in Lake Louise, Alberta, at the start of the season, it's the first time four different American women have reached the podium in downhill in a single campaign.

Vonn leads the downhill standings 129 points ahead of Cook, McKennis is fourth, Smith sixth, Mancuso 11th and Laurenne Ross ? who also has podium potential ? 21st.

"It's fun to be on the podium with your teammates," Vonn said. "Everyone is feeding off each other. We have a great energy about the team right now."

Racing continues in Cortina on Sunday with a super-G, a race Vonn has won the last three years.

"Right now I'm just trying to focus on one race at a time," Vonn said when asked if she could reach Moser-Proell this season. "It's definitely possible if I continue to ski like I did today."

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/vonn-wins-wc-downhill-1st-victory-5-weeks-133958041--spt.html

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New insights on drought predictions in East Africa

Jan. 18, 2013 ? With more than 40 million people living under exceptional drought conditions in East Africa, the ability to make accurate predictions of drought has never been more important. In the aftermath of widespread famine and a humanitarian crisis caused by the 2010-2011 drought in the Horn of Africa -- possibly the worst drought in 60 years -- researchers are striving to determine whether drying trends will continue.

While it is clear that El Ni?o can affect precipitation in this region of East Africa, very little is known about the drivers of long-term shifts in rainfall. However, new research described in the journal Nature helps explain the mechanisms at work behind historical patterns of aridity in Eastern Africa over many decades, and the findings may help improve future predictions of drought and food security in the region.

"The problem is, instrumental records of temperature and rainfall, especially in East Africa, don't go far enough in time to study climate variability over decades or more, since they are generally limited to the 20th century," explains first author Jessica Tierney, a geologist at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI). Tierney and her colleagues at WHOI and the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University used what is known as the paleoclimate record, which provides information on climate in the geologic past, to study East African climate change over a span of 700 years.

The paleoclimate record in East Africa consists of indicators of moisture balance -- including pollen, water isotopes, charcoal, and evidence for run-off events -- measured in lake sediment cores. Tierney and her colleagues synthesized these data, revealing a clear pattern wherein the easternmost sector of East Africa was relatively dry in medieval times (from 1300 to 1400 a.d.), wet during the "Little Ice Age" from approximately 1600 to 1800 a.d., and then drier again toward the present time.

Climate model simulations analyzed as part of the study revealed that the relationship between sea surface temperatures and atmospheric convection in the Indian Ocean changes rainfall in East Africa. Specifically, wet conditions in coastal East Africa are associated with cool sea surface temperatures in the eastern Indian Ocean and warm sea surface temperatures in the western Indian Ocean, which cause ascending atmospheric circulation over East Africa and enhanced rainfall. The opposite situation -- cold sea surface temperatures in the western Indian Ocean and warmer in the East -- causes drought. Such variations in sea-surface temperatures likely caused the historical fluctuations in rainfall seen in the paleorecord.

The central role of the Indian Ocean in long-term climate change in the region was a surprise. "While the Indian Ocean has long been thought of as a 'little brother' to the Pacific, it is clear that it is in charge when it comes to these decades-long changes in precipitation in East Africa," says Tierney.

Many questions remain, though. "We still don't understand exactly what causes the changes in sea surface temperatures in the Indian Ocean and the relationship between those changes and global changes in climate, like the cooling that occurred during the Little Ice Age or the global warming that is occurring now," says Tierney. "We'll need to do some more experiments with climate models to understand that better."

In the past decade, the easternmost region of Africa has gotten drier, yet general circulation climate models predict that the region will become wetter in response to global warming. "Given the geopolitical significance of the region, it is very important to understand whether drying trends will continue, in which case the models will need to be revised, or if the models will eventually prove correct in their projections of increased precipitation in East Africa," says co-author Jason Smerdon, of the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory.

While it's currently unclear which theory is correct, the discovery of the importance of the Indian Ocean may help solve the mystery. "In terms of forecasting long-term patterns in drought and food security, we would recommend that researchers make use of patterns of sea surface temperature changes in the Indian Ocean rather than just looking at the shorter term El Ni?o events or the Pacific Ocean," says Tierney.

In addition, Tierney and her colleagues lack paleoclimate data from the region that is most directly affected by the Indian Ocean -- the Horn of Africa. The paleoclimate data featured in this study are limited to more equatorial and interior regions of East Africa. With support from National Science Foundation, Tierney and her colleagues are now developing a new record of both aridity and sea surface temperatures from the Gulf of Aden, at a site close to the Horn.

"This will give us the best picture of what's happened to climate in the Horn, and in fact, it will be the first record of paleoclimate in the Horn that covers the last few millennia in detail. We're working on those analyses now and should have results in the next year or so," says Tierney.

This research was based on work supported by the National Science Foundation and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.

---

Journal Reference:

1. Jessica E. Tierney, Jason E. Smerdon, Kevin J. Anchukaitis, Richard Seager. Multidecadal variability in East African hydroclimate controlled by the Indian Ocean. Nature, 2013; 493 (7432): 389 DOI: 10.1038/nature11785

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_science/~3/Dd3fu4-w6C0/130118145354.htm

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Tree and human health may be linked

Jan. 16, 2013 ? Evidence is increasing from multiple scientific fields that exposure to the natural environment can improve human health. In a new study by the U.S. Forest Service, the presence of trees was associated with human health.

For Geoffrey Donovan, a research forester at the Forest Service's Pacific Northwest Research Station, and his colleagues, the loss of 100 million trees in the eastern and midwestern United States was an unprecedented opportunity to study the impact of a major change in the natural environment on human health.

In an analysis of 18 years of data from 1,296 counties in 15 states, researchers found that Americans living in areas infested by the emerald ash borer, a beetle that kills ash trees, suffered from an additional 15,000 deaths from cardiovascular disease and 6,000 more deaths from lower respiratory disease when compared to uninfected areas. When emerald ash borer comes into a community, city streets lined with ash trees become treeless.

The researchers analyzed demographic, human mortality, and forest health data at the county level between 1990 and 2007. The data came from counties in states with at least one confirmed case of the emerald ash borer in 2010. The findings -- which hold true after accounting for the influence of demographic differences, like income, race, and education -- are published in the current issue of the American Journal of Preventive Medicine.

" There's a natural tendency to see our findings and conclude that, surely, the higher mortality rates are because of some confounding variable, like income or education, and not the loss of trees," said Donovan. "But we saw the same pattern repeated over and over in counties with very different demographic makeups."

Although the study shows the association between loss of trees and human mortality from cardiovascular and lower respiratory disease, it did not prove a causal link. The reason for the association is yet to be determined.

The emerald ash borer was first discovered near Detroit, Michigan, in 2002. The borer attacks all 22 species of North American ash and kills virtually all of the trees it infests.

The study was conducted in collaboration with David Butry, with the National Institute of Standards and Technology; Yvonne Michael, with Drexel University; and Jeffrey Prestemon, Andrew Liebhold, Demetrios Gatziolis, and Megan Mao, with the Forest Service's Southern, Northern, and Pacific Northwest Research Stations.

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by USDA Forest Service - Pacific Northwest Research Station.

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Journal Reference:

1. Geoffrey H. Donovan, David T. Butry, Yvonne L. Michael, Jeffrey P. Prestemon, Andrew M. Liebhold, Demetrios Gatziolis, Megan Y. Mao. The Relationship Between Trees and Human Health. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2013; 44 (2): 139 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2012.09.066

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/~3/n_usR-86G7c/130116163823.htm

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Polaroid SX-70 Promo Video Will Make You Fall In Love With the Eameses All Over Again

Best known for their iconic lounge chair that's still in production 57 years after it was introduced, Charles and Ray Eames were actually masters of design across many fields. In 1972 Polaroid asked them to produce a promotional video for its now iconic SX-70 instant camera, and what they created was nothing short of magical. More »

Source: http://feeds.gawker.com/~r/gizmodo/full/~3/8dxiXPggYHI/polaroid-sx+70-promo-video-will-make-you-fall-in-love-with-the-eames-all-over-again

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psychology heartbeat: Education & Reference 2020: The Art of War ...

Buy on the merchant's online looking and read reviews. If you are trying to search out The Art of War with the simplest deal. This is the most effective deal for you. Where you may find these item is by on-line searching stores? Read the review on The Art of War Now, it's special deals. So do not lose it.

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Education & Reference

Written in China more than 2,000 years ago, Sun Tzu's classic The Art of War is the first known study of the planning and conduct of military operations. These terse, aphoristic essays are unsurpassed in comprehensiveness and depth of understanding, examining not only battlefield maneuvers, but also relevant economic, political, and psychological factors. Indeed, the precepts outlined by Sun Tzu can be applied outside the realm of military theory. It is read avidly by Japanese businessmen and in fact was touted in the movie Wall Street as the corporate raider's bible.
In addition to an excellent translation of Sun Tzu's text, Samuel Griffith also provides commentaries written by Chinese strategists, plus several thought-provoking essays on topics such as the influence of Sun Tzu on Mao Tse-tung and on Japanese military thought, the nature of warfare in Sun Tzu's time, and the life of Sun Tzu and other important commentators. Remarkable for its clear organization, lucid prose, and the acuity of its intellectual and moral insights, The Art of War is the definitive study of combat.

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Source: http://greateducationreference609.blogspot.com/2013/01/the-art-of-war.html

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How California?s Online Education Pilot Will End College As We Know It

Today, the largest university system in the world, the California State University system, announced a pilot for $150 lower-division online courses at one its campuses--a move that spells the end of higher education as we know it. Lower division courses are the financial backbone of many part-time faculty and departments (especially the humanities). As someone who has taught large courses at a University of California, I can assure readers that my job could have easily been automated. Most of college--the expansive campuses and large lecture halls--will crumble into ghost towns as budget-strapped schools herd students online.

Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Techcrunch/~3/zKR99Pke4p4/

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'Coronation Street': Cancer plot claim for Hayley

Speculation over Hayley Cropper's Coronation Street exit storyline has begun today (January 15) with rumours that she will be killed off.

A report in The Mirror claims that show bosses are considering a heartbreaking send-off for Hayley, which would see her pass away from terminal cancer.

However, Hayley fans may not have to reach for the tissues just yet, as a Coronation Street spokesperson told Digital Spy this morning that the character's exit has yet to be decided.

The representative said: "No discussions have been had yet about Hayley's departure storyline. She is on screen till the end of this year and any reports are pure guesswork and speculation."

Julie Hesmondhalgh, who plays Hayley, last week announced her decision to leave Coronation Street to pursue new projects.

Speaking at the time, she explained: "I've had the most wonderful and happy time in the life-changing 15/16 years I've been in Corrie, and I owe so much to the show and the special team that make it happen."

Coronation Street continues on Wednesday (January 16) at 7.30pm on ITV.

Should Hayley have a tragic farewell or a happy ending? Share your thoughts below!

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Sacramento mayor says working to keep basketball's Kings in town

Sacramento Kings' DeMarcus Cousins drives to the basket past Toronto Raptors' Ed Davis (R) in the second half of their NBA basketball game i

By Dan Whitcomb

(Reuters) - Sacramento's mayor has won consent from the NBA to submit a proposal that would keep the Sacramento Kings from leaving town, a spokesman said on Tuesday, amid reports that an investor group was looking to buy the team and move it to Seattle.

Kevin Johnson, speaking at his annual State of Downtown Breakfast on Tuesday, said National Basketball Association Commissioner David Stern had approved his request to present a counteroffer to the league from a group of investors who would keep the Kings in the California state capital, spokesman Daniel Conway said.

"This morning I unveiled our 'Playing to Win' plan which is modeled on the successful strategy used by the City of San Francisco to keep the Giants and revitalize a section of the city's downtown," Johnson, a former star for the NBA's Cleveland Cavaliers and Phoenix Suns, said in a written statement released later in the day.

"Over the next six weeks, we will put together a competitive ownership group, which will include local partners, that is committed to keeping the Kings in Sacramento and building a world-class entertainment and sports complex," he said.

Johnson said the effort would culminate with Sacramento once again going before the NBA board of governors to "demonstrate the strength of our city as an NBA market and the unique opportunity the Kings have to thrive in our community."

An NBA spokesman declined to comment and representatives for the Kings could not be reached by Reuters on Tuesday afternoon.

Yahoo! Sports has reported that a group of investors led by hedge fund manager Chris Hansen and Microsoft Corp Chief Executive Steve Ballmer were close to a deal to buy the Kings for $500 million from their current owners, the Maloof family, and move the club to Seattle.

ARENA OPERATOR SAYS ON BOARD

The family, which has wrangled with the city of Sacramento for years over a new arena and held talks with other cities about moving the team, has now agreed to put the franchise up for sale, the report said, citing league sources.

Reuters has not confirmed the report and a spokesman for the Maloofs could not be reached for comment on Tuesday.

Sports arena operator AEG, which had previously been in talks with the city and the Maloofs to build a new arena for the Kings in Sacramento, expressed support for the mayor's plan.

"We remain committed to the Mayor and the city. Would be more than happy to meet with a potential new owner," an AEG spokesman said.

Under the Seattle deal, the Kings would play for two seasons in KeyArena, the home court for the Seattle Supersonics before that team's 2008 move to Oklahoma City, and then move into a new facility, Yahoo reported.

The Kings are Sacramento's only major professional sports team, and Johnson has previously said he would make "every effort" to keep them from leaving town. He has pledged to find buyers, mentioning billionaire supermarket mogul Ron Burkle as having expressed an interest in the past.

Seattle sports fans were infuriated by the loss of the Supersonics and have pined for a new NBA team ever since. Hansen last year gained city council approval for a new $490 million arena near the waterfront south of downtown.

The Kings, meanwhile, have appeared to be on the brink of leaving their host city in past years.

The Maloofs opened talks with officials in Anaheim, California, to move the team to the Orange County city south of Los Angeles in 2011, but NBA officials convinced them to give Sacramento another year to get a deal for a new arena in place.

Then, last August, reports circulated that the Maloofs were talking with officials about moving to Virginia Beach, Virginia.

(Reporting by Dan Whitcomb, Alex Dobuzinskis and Suzanne Hurt; Writing by Dan Whitcomb; Editing by Steve Gorman and David Brunnstrom)

Source: http://wkzo.com/news/articles/2013/jan/16/sacramento-mayor-says-working-to-keep-basketballs-kings-in-town/

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